Simple Past Tense (Bentuk lampau/Daily activity)
We use it to talk about action or situation in the past. The even can be long or short.
Study this pattern (Pola):
a. Positive sentence (+)
S + V2 + O + adv
S + to be (was and were) + O
b. Negative sentence (-)
S + did + not + V1 + O + adv of time
S + to be (was and were) + not + O
c. Interrogative sentence (?)
Did + S + V1 + O + adv of time?
Answer:
Yes, S + did
No, S + did + not
To be (was and were) + S+ O
Answer:
Yes, S + to be (was and were)
No, S + to be (was and were) + not
NOTE:
• Subject (S) I, you, we, they, she, he, it, and (people name)
• Verb 2 (V2) Read, wrote, listened, walked, went, cooked, studied, etc
• Object (O) Novel, book, TV, milk, etc
• To be: was and were
• Aux/auxiliary (Kata kerja bantu): did
• Adverb of time (Kata keterangan waktu): Yesterday, last night, 2 days ago, this morning, etc
Subject To be Auxiliary
I was did
She, he, it was did
You, they, we were did
Study The Example Below:
1. She went to the hospital yesterday (Dia pergi ke rumah sakit kemarin)
2. I came late this morning (Saya datang terlambat pagi ini)
3. She was sick (Dia sakit)
4. Danny and Marry were at school two hours ago (Danny dan Marry berada di sekolahan 2 jam yang lalu)
Atau lebih singkatnya:
Observe to these sentences.
• Rhinoceros is _a big_ animal.
• Rhinoceros is a _bigger_ than dog.
• The elephant is _the biggest_ of all.
1. Function/Fungsi
Untuk mengungkapkan kejadian atau aktivitas yang telah dikerjakan di waktu lampau.
2. Form/Bentuk
(+) : S + V2 + Adv/ket
(-) : S + did not + V1 + Ket
(?) : Did + S + V1 + Ket
For Example:
(+) Kemal went to grandmother's house yesterday
(-) Kemal didn't go to grandmother's house yesterday
(?) Did Kemal go to grandmother's house yesterday? Yes, He did/No, He didn't
3. Circumstances Of Time
• Two days ago
• Last week
• This morning
• In 1999
• Yesterday
• Etc.
4. To Be
• I was
• He was
• It was
• The boy was
• You were
• They were
• We were
• The boys were
5. Verbs
a. Kata kerja beraturan (Regular verbs) bentuk lampaunya (Verb 2) dibentuk dengan menambahkan "ed" di belakang kata dasarnya.
For Example:
• Arrive - arrived = tiba/datang
• Close - closed = tutup
• Open - opened = buka
• Play - played = bermain
• Work - worked = bekerja
b. Kata kerja tidak beraturan (Irregular verbs) tidak mempunyai bentuk yang tetap dalam perubahannya.
For Example:
Verb forms 1
• to break
• to hurt
• to go
• to get
• to het
• to hit
• to see
• to buy
• to come
• to read
• to eat
Verb forms 2
• broke
• hurt
• went
• got
• hit
• saw
• bought
• came
• read
• ate
Verb forms 3
• broken
• hurt
• gone
• gotten
• hit
• seen
• bought
• come
• read
• eaten
Circumstances of Time
• Yesterday
• Tonight
• Last (week, mont, year) ... ago
• This morning in 2020 (year)
• Two days ago
Talking About Past Tense
1. How was your last vacation?
It was terrific/very interesting/wonderful.
Terrible/boring/bad.
2. Were you away last week?
Yes, I was/No, I wasn't.
3. How long were you away?
I was away for three weeks.
Grammar Point
1. Were you away last week? Yes, I was.
2. Was your brother away? No, he wasn't.
3. Were you and your sister away? Yes, we were.
4. Were your parents away? Yes, they were.
5. How long were you away? Two weeks.
6. How vas your vacation? Terrific.
Study The Explanation
Expressions Of Asking And Giving Directions.
Here are the order expression for asking directions.
• Where is the zoo?
• Do you know how to get the bus station?
• Could you please tell me where the bank is?
Here are some expressions for giving directions.
• Go straight, before you get to the first traffic light, turn left.
• Turn right then as soon as you pass the bank, turn right.
• Cross the bridge and go straight.